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General signs of hemoblastoses and solid tumors

1. Etiology: chemical agents (endo- and exocarcinogens), ionizing radiation.

2. Pathogenesis: nuclear DNA mutations and epigenetic changes – damage to the structure of the cell membrane and chemical processes in the cytoplasm of the cell. 3. Diagnostics: clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods with mandatory morphological verification of the diagnosis (histological and cytological studies).

4. Complications: infectious, thrombotic, disruption of the normal mechanism of osteogenesis, gastrointestinal complications (nausea, vomiting, hiccups, constipation, diarrhea and mucositis), intoxication and psychological changes (anxiety, depression, aggressiveness and suicide).

5. Principles of pathogenetic therapy: influences that suppress the proliferation of malignant cells (X-ray, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and immunotherapy); vitamin therapy; auxiliary therapy (blood transfusion, relief of infection, treatment of thrombosis and bleeding); bone marrow transplantation.

6. Causes of death: cachexia, secondary infection, severe anemia, thromboembolic complications, massive bleeding and hemorrhage.

7. The main symptoms of a malignant neoplasm: transmission of all properties by inheritance, preservation of the principle of malignant progression, uncontrolled cell division, invasive growth and metastasis. Thus, the general similarity of hemoblastoses and solid tumors is established at the genetic level. General signs of hemoblastoses and solid tumors.

Differences between haemoblastosis and solid tumours

Let us consider each group of malignant diseases separately and also split haemoblastosis into two sub-groups: leucosis and lymphoma. Based on studies of the onsets of all malignant diseases, we can draw the following conclusions:

Leucosis is a numerous and heterogeneous group of malignant diseases, which emerge from haemopoietic (blood forming) cells and affect red marrow.

– the precursors of malignant stem cells are pluripotent or unipotent stem cells of the foci of myelo- or lymphopoiesis in the red marrow;